Since HAMAS’s terrorist attack against Israel of 7 October 2023, the conflict beteen Israel and Iran has escalated sharply. The long-term consequences of the military strikes by Israel and the US against the Iranian nuclear and missile programmes and leading figues of the regime are hard to assess. Even though the conflict haslargely been of a regional nature so far, it may have a negative impact on the security situation in Germany. Depending on dynamics, it may affect various stakeholders in a direct or indirect way.